Paris, France
Reuters
Paris is open to discussing an extension of France’s nuclear umbrella to its European partners, President Emmanuel Macron said in a grave address to the nation, in which he warned that Russia was a threat for all of Europe.
France and Britain are Europe’s only two nuclear powers.
French President Emmanuel Macron addresses the nation, in Paris, France, on 5th March, 2025, in this screen grab taken from a video. PICTURE: France Televisions/Handout via Reuters
In his televised speech, Macron also said France would have to spend more on defence and would continue to help Ukraine. He acknowledged voters’ concerns over Russia and over the new US administration’s upending of the international order.
“You are, I know, legitimately worried about the current events, which are disrupting the world order,” Macron told voters.
“Russia has become a threat for France and Europe,” he said, adding that “to watch and do nothing would be madness.”
European countries are scrambling to boost defence spending and maintain support for Ukraine after President Donald Trump froze US military aid to Kyiv and fuelled doubts about Washington’s commitment to its European NATO allies.
Stressing that France was uniquely placed in Europe thanks to its nuclear deterrent capability, Macron said he was open to discussing extending that protection to European allies. He added that the ultimate decision on nuclear weapons would remain in the hands of the French president.
The French nuclear deterrent is air- and sea-based, with Rafale fighter jets and nuclear submarines being able to strike at any time, on the instruction of the French president alone.
In the early days of the Cold War, former President Charles de Gaulle developed a nuclear deterrent that was designed to be fully independent from the two dominant powers of the time, the Soviet Union and the United States.
Peace plan
In his televised address on the eve of a crucial European Union summit on defence, Macron said France would spend more on defence – though he did not say how much more. He said there would be no tax increases to finance that, but tough choices would have to be made.
He said that he wanted to believe that the United States “will remain at our side,” while adding that Europe had to be ready if that was no longer the case.
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Macron’s address comes amid a flurry of European diplomacy to shore up support for Ukraine and try and mend ties between Washington and Kyiv after an acrimonious meeting between Trump and President Volodymyr Zelenskiy in the Oval Office last week.
France and Britain are aiming to finalise with Ukraine, possibly “in days”, a peace plan to present to the United States, while building bridges between the US and Ukraine before possible talks in Washington, diplomats have told Reuters.
Macron’s push to beef up French defence spending won’t be easy as his government struggles to tame an unruly budget deficit.
– With reporting by GEERT DE CLERCQ, BENOIT VAN OVERSTRAETEN, MICHEL ROSE, ELIZABETH PINEAU, MAKINI BRICE, and DOMINIQUE VIDALON
