Bucharest, Romania
Reuters
Romanian Prime Minister Marcel Ciolacu resigned on Monday, a day after a far-right opposition leader won the first round of the presidential election re-run and his own candidate crashed out of the race.
Ciolacu said his centre-left Social Democrats would withdraw from the pro-Western coalition – effectively ending it – while cabinet ministers will stay on in an interim capacity until a new majority emerges after the presidential run-off.
Romanian Prime Minister Marcel Ciolacu speaks to the media, during the first round of the presidential election, in Bucharest, Romania, on 4th May, 2025. PICTURE: Reuters/Andreea Campeanu
Hard-right eurosceptic George Simion decisively swept the ballot on Sunday, with some 41 per cent of votes, and will face Bucharest Mayor Nicusor Dan, an independent centrist, in an 18th May run-off. Coalition candidate Crin Antonescu came third.
Although Ciolacu’s leftist Social Democrats (PSD) won the most seats in a December 1 parliamentary election, Simion’s AUR and two other far-right groupings, one with overt pro-Russian sympathies, won more than a third of the seats to become a clear political force.
The Social Democrats had formed a coalition government with the centrist Liberals and ethnic Hungarian UDMR to help keep the European Union and NATO state on a pro-Western course. A governing majority that cordons off the far right in the legislature cannot be formed without it.
“This coalition is no longer legitimate,” Ciolacu told reporters after a party meeting. “The next president was going to replace me anyway, that’s what I’ve read.”
Romania’s president has a semi-executive role that includes commanding the armed forces and chairing the security council that decides on military aid. The president can also veto important EU votes and appoints the prime minister, chief judges, prosecutors and secret service heads.
Romania already has an interim president until the 18th May run-off. An interim government cannot issue decrees or introduce policies. The country has the EU’s largest budget deficit and risks a ratings downgrade to below investment level unless it enforces a decisive fiscal correction.
A Simion victory could isolate Romania, erode private investment and destabilise NATO’s eastern flank, where Bucharest plays a key role in providing logistical support to Ukraine as it fights a three-year-old Russian invasion, political observers say.
It would also expand a cohort of eurosceptic leaders in the European Union that already includes the Hungarian and Slovak prime ministers at a time when Europe is struggling to formulate its response to US President Donald Trump.
“The problem now isn’t that Romania is in a hard place, but that the European Union is should George Simion win,” said Cristian Pirvulescu, a professor at the Bucharest National School of Political Science and Public Administration.
“The anti-European group within the EU will become more substantial, which could even lead to a change of course for [Italy’s PM] Giorgia Meloni. The group can become important and it could influence the May 18 Polish presidential election.”
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Simmering anger
Sunday’s vote came five months after a first attempt to hold the election was cancelled because of alleged Russian interference in favour of far-right frontrunner Calin Georgescu, since banned from standing again.
Simion has said he could appoint Georgescu prime minister should he win. The vote underscores simmering anger among vast parts of the Romanian electorate over high living costs and worries over security.
Prime Minister Ciolacu also said his party will not publicly endorse any of the two presidential candidates, urging people to follow their conscience.
Analysts have said Dan will struggle to coalesce the pro-western vote as many Social Democrat voters shared more views with Simion.
Romanian international dollar bonds tumbled, with the longest maturities taking the biggest hits. The 2053 maturity fell more than three cents to be last bid at 91.84 cents on the dollar, while the 2051 lost more than two cents.
Local bonds also fell in price, with the 10-year local note yield jumping to 8.0 per cent, the highest in more than three months.
“Political risk has increased “considerably,” JPMorgan analysts said in a Monday note.
“While Simion can be pragmatic, if the Georgescu plan is implemented, then markets are unlikely to react positively,” the note said.
The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) said on Monday the election had been “efficiently administered” but that a fragmented approach to eligibility rules, limited transparency in administrative decisions, and inconsistent oversight of the online campaign environment marred the overall process.
The OSCE said it was for the authorities to say whether there had been foreign interference.
– Additional reporting by RODRIGO CAMPOS in New York
